Sheikh Gulam Hamdani who was also known as Mushafi was born at Akbarpur and belonged to a respectable family of Amroha. He travelled to Delhi to study Persian, Urdu and the art of sher-o-shayari. Soon, he became a luminary and convened poetical assemblies which were attended by all the eminent shayars of Delhi including Inshaa, Jurat and Mir Hasan. After spending twelve years in Delhi, Mushafi shifted base to Lucknow and joined the service of Mirza Suleman Shakok, son of the emperor Shah Alam. Mushafi was a very prolific writer both, in Persian and Urdu. Mushafi's owes his eminence mainly to his ample Urdu diwans and his tazkira of Urdu poets. He had written 8 Urdu diwans having thousands of ghazals and numerous qasidas, quatrains, etc. He also authored two tazkiras of Urdu poets in Persian out of which one attained widespread acclaim. Major part of Mushafi literary works is not available since he used to sell his ghazals to purchasers, who used them under their own pseudonyms.
Mushafi's sher-o-shayari varies in merit, i.e., some of them are highly artistic and show the pathos of Mir, the grandeur of Sauda, the simplicity of Soz, the fluency of Jurat and the diction and style of Inshaa. Many of them are written in stiff meters with difficult rhymes and radiffs. The arguments between Mushafi and Inshaa were notorious in various events. Initially, Mushafi was the poetical master of Prince Suleman Shakoh, but was later he was replaced by Inshaa. This incident grievously intensified the acrimony.
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